Essay on Principles of Management - 1038 Words

Allison Reach Mr. Michael King Principles of Management December 2, 2010 Case Application: Mixing It Up In July of 2000, General Mills acquired Pillsbury from London based Diageo for $10.5 billion in stock and assumed debt. (All Business, A Damp;B Company) After the merger, managers from General Mills were now faced with integrating the two Minnesota based companies. A special concern that had been brought up was marketing issues. With such household names such as Pillsbury, Betty Croker, Green Giant, Wheaties, and Cheerios, the managers at General Mills had a large task at hand on how to continue to market the many brands under their umbrella. As said by Kevin Wilde, the company’s chief learning officer, they had wanted to†¦show more content†¦The use of these types of teams creates the potential for an organization to generate greater outputs with no increase in, or even fewer, outputs (Stephen P. Robbins 249). According to Beth Gunderson, the director of organization effectiveness at General Mills, you can leverage beyond peoples functional expertise. A perso n from human resources, for instance, would ask a provocative question [precisely because] she wasnt a marketer. And youd see the look on the marketers faces: Whoa, I never thought of that. (Gordon). Aside from the many benefits gained by these cross functional teams, managers face some major problems. The same qualities that make these teams work, that they are large, virtual, diverse, and composed of highly-educated specialists, also work against it. Members of these complex, cross-functional teams are, as long as there are not any outside influences, less likely â€Å"to share knowledge freely, to learn from one another, to shift workloads flexibly to breakup unexpected bottlenecks, to help one another complete jobs and meet deadlines, and to share resources – in other words, to collaborate.† (Erickson). Some the ways that managers may deal with these issues is to look into the issues discussed in the next section. There are a number of items that affect how a team works. These items include roles, norms, status, group size, and group cohesiveness. Roles are behaviorShow MoreRelatedPrinciples of Scientific Management1149 Words   |  5 PagesScientific Management is a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized workflows. Its main objective was improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management. Its development began with Frederick Winslow Taylor in the 1880s and 1890s within the manufacturing industries. Taylor was an American mechanical engineer and a management consultant in his later years. He is often calledRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management1337 Words   |  6 Pagesa century ago, Frederick Winslow Taylor’s renowned work The Principles of Scientific Management set forth a theory that to this day is subjected to a similar degree of critique and debate to that in the early 20th century. While Taylor’s ideas were evidently influenced by the works of earlier researchers, it is he who is credited as the â€Å"father† of the scientific management movement (Jeacle, 2004, p. 1164). As such, scientific management itself is synonymous with Taylor to the extent that it is commonlyRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management2994 Words   |   12 PagesIntroduction Good management can be defined as the optimal use of available resources to increase an organisation s efficiency and effectiveness in meeting its objectives (Garg, 2013). Scientific management has been the dominant model for many years, but its usefulness for meeting modern organisational challenges may be limited. This paper examines the principles of scientific management, the degree to which it is applied in contemporary organisations, its utility for addressing modern challengesRead MoreThe Principles of Scientific Management and Its Applications in Modern Day Organizations2456 Words   |  10 PagesThe Principles of Scientific Management and its Applications in Modern Day Organizations Introduction Managers have been continuously trying to figure out the best way to manage the workplace since the start of the industrial revolution. The goal is to maximize production output and minimize cost therefore getting maximized profit while still keeping workers happy and motivated. Different methods have been introduced and tested. But perhaps one of the most influential and popular ideas in managementRead MorePrinciples of Management1252 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT Project Principles of Management SWOT Interestingly enough, there are different levels of overlap between my SWOT analysis, and those provided to me by others. There is not a consistent characteristic that appears in every single SWOT, but certain characteristics appear in two or three. The most common strengths that appeared in the SWOTs were leadership, charisma, and empathy. When I was answering the strengths section of the self SWOT, I thought others mentioned generosity, listening andRead MoreThe Principles Of Knowledge Management Principles1200 Words   |  5 PagesKnowledge Management Principles The twelve Knowledge Management Principles are aimed at leading individuals to apply key Army principles to their decisions and incorporate them into the actions that they undertake. Out of these twelve principles, the two that appear to be the most critical would be the first and third principles, which apply to the training of leaders, managers, and champions on knowledge management principles and creating an environment in which collaboration can occur on the basisRead MorePrinciples of Management2084 Words   |  9 Pagespowers by training. The company focuses on balancing between local hiring and international hiring to rise the probability of getting talented and hard workers. Chapter 2: 1. Mr.Hamdoun is a big advocate of efficiency. How might principles of scientific management be useful to LCB? - two of the three scientific methods are the most useful to Mr.Hamdoun. 1. Putting the right person on the job with the correct tools and equipment. 2. Having a standardized method of doing the job. 2Read MorePrinciple of Management1020 Words   |  5 Pagesskills. The assignment will be graded using the following rubric: Outcomes Assessed  · Explain the principle theories of leadership and motivation, and describe the fundamental considerations in managing and motivating individual and group behavior.  · Use technology and information resources to research issues in management. Grading Rubric for Assignment # 2 – â€Å"Hewitt-Packard Company† Criteria 0 Unacceptable 20 Developing 30 Read MorePrinciples of Management2076 Words   |  9 Pagespowers by training. The company focuses on balancing between local hiring and international hiring to rise the probability of getting talented and hard workers. Chapter 2: 1. Mr.Hamdoun is a big advocate of efficiency. How might principles of scientific management be useful to LCB? - two of the three scientific methods are the most useful to Mr.Hamdoun. 1. Putting the right person on the job with the correct tools and equipment. 2. Having a standardized method of doing the job. 2. How mightRead MorePrinciples of Management1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthere for a little over a year, I wanted to ask these questions. Not to see how different managers felt about specific employees, but to get an overall view of how their jobs as managers directly affected each and everyone s job performance. Management is a science of how an individual works with a group of people, oversees their performance, and tries to effectively and efficiently get them to exceed the goals set forth by the company. It is a science that has guidelines and rules to follow

Essay on Principles of Management - 1038 Words

Allison Reach Mr. Michael King Principles of Management December 2, 2010 Case Application: Mixing It Up In July of 2000, General Mills acquired Pillsbury from London based Diageo for $10.5 billion in stock and assumed debt. (All Business, A Damp;B Company) After the merger, managers from General Mills were now faced with integrating the two Minnesota based companies. A special concern that had been brought up was marketing issues. With such household names such as Pillsbury, Betty Croker, Green Giant, Wheaties, and Cheerios, the managers at General Mills had a large task at hand on how to continue to market the many brands under their umbrella. As said by Kevin Wilde, the company’s chief learning officer, they had wanted to†¦show more content†¦The use of these types of teams creates the potential for an organization to generate greater outputs with no increase in, or even fewer, outputs (Stephen P. Robbins 249). According to Beth Gunderson, the director of organization effectiveness at General Mills, you can leverage beyond peoples functional expertise. A perso n from human resources, for instance, would ask a provocative question [precisely because] she wasnt a marketer. And youd see the look on the marketers faces: Whoa, I never thought of that. (Gordon). Aside from the many benefits gained by these cross functional teams, managers face some major problems. The same qualities that make these teams work, that they are large, virtual, diverse, and composed of highly-educated specialists, also work against it. Members of these complex, cross-functional teams are, as long as there are not any outside influences, less likely â€Å"to share knowledge freely, to learn from one another, to shift workloads flexibly to breakup unexpected bottlenecks, to help one another complete jobs and meet deadlines, and to share resources – in other words, to collaborate.† (Erickson). Some the ways that managers may deal with these issues is to look into the issues discussed in the next section. There are a number of items that affect how a team works. These items include roles, norms, status, group size, and group cohesiveness. Roles are behaviorShow MoreRelatedPrinciples of Scientific Management1149 Words   |  5 PagesScientific Management is a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized workflows. Its main objective was improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management. Its development began with Frederick Winslow Taylor in the 1880s and 1890s within the manufacturing industries. Taylor was an American mechanical engineer and a management consultant in his later years. He is often calledRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management1337 Words   |  6 Pagesa century ago, Frederick Winslow Taylor’s renowned work The Principles of Scientific Management set forth a theory that to this day is subjected to a similar degree of critique and debate to that in the early 20th century. While Taylor’s ideas were evidently influenced by the works of earlier researchers, it is he who is credited as the â€Å"father† of the scientific management movement (Jeacle, 2004, p. 1164). As such, scientific management itself is synonymous with Taylor to the extent that it is commonlyRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management2994 Words   |   12 PagesIntroduction Good management can be defined as the optimal use of available resources to increase an organisation s efficiency and effectiveness in meeting its objectives (Garg, 2013). Scientific management has been the dominant model for many years, but its usefulness for meeting modern organisational challenges may be limited. This paper examines the principles of scientific management, the degree to which it is applied in contemporary organisations, its utility for addressing modern challengesRead MoreThe Principles of Scientific Management and Its Applications in Modern Day Organizations2456 Words   |  10 PagesThe Principles of Scientific Management and its Applications in Modern Day Organizations Introduction Managers have been continuously trying to figure out the best way to manage the workplace since the start of the industrial revolution. The goal is to maximize production output and minimize cost therefore getting maximized profit while still keeping workers happy and motivated. Different methods have been introduced and tested. But perhaps one of the most influential and popular ideas in managementRead MorePrinciples of Management1252 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT Project Principles of Management SWOT Interestingly enough, there are different levels of overlap between my SWOT analysis, and those provided to me by others. There is not a consistent characteristic that appears in every single SWOT, but certain characteristics appear in two or three. The most common strengths that appeared in the SWOTs were leadership, charisma, and empathy. When I was answering the strengths section of the self SWOT, I thought others mentioned generosity, listening andRead MoreThe Principles Of Knowledge Management Principles1200 Words   |  5 PagesKnowledge Management Principles The twelve Knowledge Management Principles are aimed at leading individuals to apply key Army principles to their decisions and incorporate them into the actions that they undertake. Out of these twelve principles, the two that appear to be the most critical would be the first and third principles, which apply to the training of leaders, managers, and champions on knowledge management principles and creating an environment in which collaboration can occur on the basisRead MorePrinciples of Management2084 Words   |  9 Pagespowers by training. The company focuses on balancing between local hiring and international hiring to rise the probability of getting talented and hard workers. Chapter 2: 1. Mr.Hamdoun is a big advocate of efficiency. How might principles of scientific management be useful to LCB? - two of the three scientific methods are the most useful to Mr.Hamdoun. 1. Putting the right person on the job with the correct tools and equipment. 2. Having a standardized method of doing the job. 2Read MorePrinciple of Management1020 Words   |  5 Pagesskills. The assignment will be graded using the following rubric: Outcomes Assessed  · Explain the principle theories of leadership and motivation, and describe the fundamental considerations in managing and motivating individual and group behavior.  · Use technology and information resources to research issues in management. Grading Rubric for Assignment # 2 – â€Å"Hewitt-Packard Company† Criteria 0 Unacceptable 20 Developing 30 Read MorePrinciples of Management2076 Words   |  9 Pagespowers by training. The company focuses on balancing between local hiring and international hiring to rise the probability of getting talented and hard workers. Chapter 2: 1. Mr.Hamdoun is a big advocate of efficiency. How might principles of scientific management be useful to LCB? - two of the three scientific methods are the most useful to Mr.Hamdoun. 1. Putting the right person on the job with the correct tools and equipment. 2. Having a standardized method of doing the job. 2. How mightRead MorePrinciples of Management1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthere for a little over a year, I wanted to ask these questions. Not to see how different managers felt about specific employees, but to get an overall view of how their jobs as managers directly affected each and everyone s job performance. Management is a science of how an individual works with a group of people, oversees their performance, and tries to effectively and efficiently get them to exceed the goals set forth by the company. It is a science that has guidelines and rules to follow

Essay on Principles of Management - 1038 Words

Allison Reach Mr. Michael King Principles of Management December 2, 2010 Case Application: Mixing It Up In July of 2000, General Mills acquired Pillsbury from London based Diageo for $10.5 billion in stock and assumed debt. (All Business, A Damp;B Company) After the merger, managers from General Mills were now faced with integrating the two Minnesota based companies. A special concern that had been brought up was marketing issues. With such household names such as Pillsbury, Betty Croker, Green Giant, Wheaties, and Cheerios, the managers at General Mills had a large task at hand on how to continue to market the many brands under their umbrella. As said by Kevin Wilde, the company’s chief learning officer, they had wanted to†¦show more content†¦The use of these types of teams creates the potential for an organization to generate greater outputs with no increase in, or even fewer, outputs (Stephen P. Robbins 249). According to Beth Gunderson, the director of organization effectiveness at General Mills, you can leverage beyond peoples functional expertise. A perso n from human resources, for instance, would ask a provocative question [precisely because] she wasnt a marketer. And youd see the look on the marketers faces: Whoa, I never thought of that. (Gordon). Aside from the many benefits gained by these cross functional teams, managers face some major problems. The same qualities that make these teams work, that they are large, virtual, diverse, and composed of highly-educated specialists, also work against it. Members of these complex, cross-functional teams are, as long as there are not any outside influences, less likely â€Å"to share knowledge freely, to learn from one another, to shift workloads flexibly to breakup unexpected bottlenecks, to help one another complete jobs and meet deadlines, and to share resources – in other words, to collaborate.† (Erickson). Some the ways that managers may deal with these issues is to look into the issues discussed in the next section. There are a number of items that affect how a team works. These items include roles, norms, status, group size, and group cohesiveness. Roles are behaviorShow MoreRelatedPrinciples of Scientific Management1149 Words   |  5 PagesScientific Management is a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized workflows. Its main objective was improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management. Its development began with Frederick Winslow Taylor in the 1880s and 1890s within the manufacturing industries. Taylor was an American mechanical engineer and a management consultant in his later years. He is often calledRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management1337 Words   |  6 Pagesa century ago, Frederick Winslow Taylor’s renowned work The Principles of Scientific Management set forth a theory that to this day is subjected to a similar degree of critique and debate to that in the early 20th century. While Taylor’s ideas were evidently influenced by the works of earlier researchers, it is he who is credited as the â€Å"father† of the scientific management movement (Jeacle, 2004, p. 1164). As such, scientific management itself is synonymous with Taylor to the extent that it is commonlyRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management2994 Words   |   12 PagesIntroduction Good management can be defined as the optimal use of available resources to increase an organisation s efficiency and effectiveness in meeting its objectives (Garg, 2013). Scientific management has been the dominant model for many years, but its usefulness for meeting modern organisational challenges may be limited. This paper examines the principles of scientific management, the degree to which it is applied in contemporary organisations, its utility for addressing modern challengesRead MoreThe Principles of Scientific Management and Its Applications in Modern Day Organizations2456 Words   |  10 PagesThe Principles of Scientific Management and its Applications in Modern Day Organizations Introduction Managers have been continuously trying to figure out the best way to manage the workplace since the start of the industrial revolution. The goal is to maximize production output and minimize cost therefore getting maximized profit while still keeping workers happy and motivated. Different methods have been introduced and tested. But perhaps one of the most influential and popular ideas in managementRead MorePrinciples of Management1252 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT Project Principles of Management SWOT Interestingly enough, there are different levels of overlap between my SWOT analysis, and those provided to me by others. There is not a consistent characteristic that appears in every single SWOT, but certain characteristics appear in two or three. The most common strengths that appeared in the SWOTs were leadership, charisma, and empathy. When I was answering the strengths section of the self SWOT, I thought others mentioned generosity, listening andRead MoreThe Principles Of Knowledge Management Principles1200 Words   |  5 PagesKnowledge Management Principles The twelve Knowledge Management Principles are aimed at leading individuals to apply key Army principles to their decisions and incorporate them into the actions that they undertake. Out of these twelve principles, the two that appear to be the most critical would be the first and third principles, which apply to the training of leaders, managers, and champions on knowledge management principles and creating an environment in which collaboration can occur on the basisRead MorePrinciples of Management2084 Words   |  9 Pagespowers by training. The company focuses on balancing between local hiring and international hiring to rise the probability of getting talented and hard workers. Chapter 2: 1. Mr.Hamdoun is a big advocate of efficiency. How might principles of scientific management be useful to LCB? - two of the three scientific methods are the most useful to Mr.Hamdoun. 1. Putting the right person on the job with the correct tools and equipment. 2. Having a standardized method of doing the job. 2Read MorePrinciple of Management1020 Words   |  5 Pagesskills. The assignment will be graded using the following rubric: Outcomes Assessed  · Explain the principle theories of leadership and motivation, and describe the fundamental considerations in managing and motivating individual and group behavior.  · Use technology and information resources to research issues in management. Grading Rubric for Assignment # 2 – â€Å"Hewitt-Packard Company† Criteria 0 Unacceptable 20 Developing 30 Read MorePrinciples of Management2076 Words   |  9 Pagespowers by training. The company focuses on balancing between local hiring and international hiring to rise the probability of getting talented and hard workers. Chapter 2: 1. Mr.Hamdoun is a big advocate of efficiency. How might principles of scientific management be useful to LCB? - two of the three scientific methods are the most useful to Mr.Hamdoun. 1. Putting the right person on the job with the correct tools and equipment. 2. Having a standardized method of doing the job. 2. How mightRead MorePrinciples of Management1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthere for a little over a year, I wanted to ask these questions. Not to see how different managers felt about specific employees, but to get an overall view of how their jobs as managers directly affected each and everyone s job performance. Management is a science of how an individual works with a group of people, oversees their performance, and tries to effectively and efficiently get them to exceed the goals set forth by the company. It is a science that has guidelines and rules to follow

Be the First to Read What an Old Pro Thinks About Colledge Essay Samples

Be the First to Read What an Old Pro Thinks About Colledge Essay Samples What You Need to Know About Colledge Essay Samples Essay writing is mandatory once you are in college. Essays are your very best friend. Stephen's essay is rather effective. Through long and thorough commentary on every essay, Robinson shows why narrative is just the sort of structure that operates best for personal essays. In the summary the consequence of the essay is shown. Writing an essay has to be stressful. An essay which matches off-topic won't be likely to acquire high marks. You'll observe a similar structure in lots of the essays. The duration of your essay is not what universities start looking for. In general, just keep in mind that there are an infinite number of methods to compose an outstanding college application essay. If you are going to contain details that may directly hit the requirements of the school, then it is easy to get the approvalA that you have to be accepted for enrollment. Apart from college loans, there's the stress of keeping up a GPA to put in the university that you dream about. If you've already graduated from college or university and are trying to find an excellent job, you want to get a persuasive resume to impress your future employer. If you wish to create a college essay which works, you want to provide importance on the content you will give the admissions officer of your intended university with. Just because you've already written a college essay for a single university doesn't mean that it may also apply on your next applications. Developing a terrific college essay may lose its purpose in the event the content of what you've written is not what the university is asking for. Demonstrated interest is essential in the modern competitive admissions scene to stick out from the remainder of the pack. Apart from the situations that you should always bear in mind, in addition, there are some things which you shouldn't do when creating the content of your college essay. My college experience will probably dictate how I'll devote the remainder of my life. Should you would rather boost your personalized abilities, you'll need to be certain you are producing making use of your own personal thoughts so you can improve your very own writing power. There isn't a prompt to direct you, which means you must ask yourself the questions that will get at the center of the story that you want to tell. A great education is something which most of us aspire to have. On the other, it's a manner of life. No lives are given by mail. Writing should allow the writer to express his or herself in the very best way possible. Academic papers cannot contain any signals of plagiarism. Usually it's all up to 2-5 paragraphs. Every section of an essay is essential, but the exact first paragraph is vital. You will remain right if you take advantage of a classic five paragraph structure. A quick sentence is utilized to produce the emotional resolution of the admission essay. If perhaps charge information isn't regular published, improper or won't be before accepted, the firm stores the capacity to delay the money introduce through the essential desires are fulfilled. When you must decide the ideal approach to transfer money abroad, a tiny research and planning can go quite a way. Use the assistance of true academic experts and receive the service you have earned! Tell our experts what sort of homework help on the internet you will need to get. The Lost Secret of Colledge Essay Samples You can get in touch with your writer through our support department should you need to specify some essential points to get your work more customized. Do not be hesitant to req uest a form of paper that you do not see in our list. Colleges are seeking a feeling of maturity and introspectionpinpoint the transformation and demonstrate your private growth. Explain why you would like to attend that specific institution.

A Part of Me Essay Example For Students

A Part of Me Essay Many people around me are very ambitious. They set many targets for themselves for their future. â€Å"I am going to be the best surgeon in this country† or â€Å" I am going to have a record label in the States. † There is nothing wrong with this little enthusiasm but people tend to forget one thing. What they do now in the present actually creates their future. All the little experience people encounter in life will complete the puzzle of life to what they want to achieve. Unfortunately for some people, they keep on focusing about the future and think things are going to fall into place. No one will ever be fortunate to actually be a one hit wonder. Even world famous Lady Gaga had to go through many obstacles such as the critics and haters to actually be as successful as she is today. At the age of 15, I would say the greatest goal I have ever achieve is my personal satisfaction on the things I do in life. I have a continuous productivity and I don’t aim too high to be a perfectionist but I aim for what I am capable of. You may say that is not really a personal goal you are finding but in my opinion this had led me to the other achievements in life. Truth to be told, I was never had this is me until conflicts arrived in my life. At the age of 13, I have sort of messed up my life. I was a teenager and that’s where lot life complications begin. I was so focused on what people would think of me as I was in a new school. I was so adamant to fit in that I skipped my meals to stay slim, buy those expensive clothes and nod my head to every stupid request from people. I was pleasing others but I was never pleasing myself. I made myself suffer because of my own consequences. I also barely looked at my books. Overconfidence overwhelmed me back then because of my surprising 5A’s as my UPSR results. I had this stupid thought that studying was easy but the fact is UPSR was easy. To be honest, I had no pressure when I study. I may procrastinate at times but I never been to an exam unprepared. I rather study than play video games. My grades for my mid year examinations dropped. I nearly failed all my subjects that I brought myself to tears. It really hit me when I had a grade C for my English paper. I didn’t know what to do. Scream or Cry? English has been the only language I am confident in speaking in. I knew English better than my own mother tongue. In addition to that, my health was not really stable as well. I did a blood test as I constantly fell ill and had severe headaches. I found out I was anemia and it was because of my terrible eating habits I knew I brought all of these to myself and my friends were not there this time during my dark stage and I had to walk on alone myself. In matter of time, I made changes to my life. I learnt to be more responsible of my well-being. I got my grades up and my health was perfectly fine at the end of the year. In Form 2 I realized I never really had a chance to show people what I am really made of. That was just a short experience in my life which led to the girl I am today The following year is where I was brought to test. I almost procrastinated the whole year and I had to apply some changes in my life. The previous year, I barely came to school everyday. Getting up in the morning was just so difficult but I was adamant to make myself a better person than what I was. I was elected as the assistant monitor for the class and served well. Through out the year, I also joined a few co-curriculum activities such as the Christian Fellowship, Choir, Girl’s Brigade and Netball. .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 , .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .postImageUrl , .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 , .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6:hover , .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6:visited , .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6:active { border:0!important; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6:active , .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6 .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u312681baacda8f1c7fbbd2e044ae59c6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How many pages is 1000 words?To my utter surprise after attending a few courses and completing a few task I was elected to be a squad leader for the Girl’s Brigade and the committee member in choir. I was a choir member since I started schooling here because I loved singing and singing in a group makes it more enjoyable. We had to enter competitions and also perform on every other event in school . So imagine the perseverance and commitment I had to put it. Throughout my experience I had to perform for a number of farewells for my teachers, band concert, prize giving day and also competitions. Since I was dedicated to choir it didn’t matter on the countless hours I had to stay back and use my voice to rehearse. In 2009, we won 4th place in state levels. My school had also organized a few events which I was majorly involved. My class had also participated in the school competitions for Tale time, Choral Speaking and Drama and English Festival. All events we got third placing which was a blessing. This year, I could not participate in the choir competition because of my major examination and it was almost everyday we had to stay back. However, I regretted terribly because my team had achieved the second placing in the state level. My academic results were still average and I did not really need to worry. I still continued serving my post and attending courses for the Girl’s Brigade. I was in the Green House and my team and I had worked really hard till we grabbed the first trophy of the Non-Athletes cup. I also participated in the BK quiz and several essays. My main goal this year is to achieve my 7A’s as I did put in all the effort until the last minute. All homework were done on time, projects were sent in weeks before it was due and my relationships with teachers were good. Thus, I sincerely hope the effort I put in will pay off. Thus, my best friend who has the privileged of studying in a prestigious school in Singapore was the one who inspired me that the road to success is by baby steps and not fantasying. My life now, I may not be a renowned singer or a scientist but all these little achievements have increase my personal self-esteem and I would like to strive harder in the coming years in my life. In a nutshell, I am well satisfied on what I did, and will take the opportunity on pursuing my dreams step by step.

The Problem Of Violence In Schools Essay Example For Students

The Problem Of Violence In Schools Essay The problem of violence in schools today is a major concern. Crime in and around schools threatens the well being of students, as well as the school staff and the surrounding communities. It also holds back learning and student achievement. The problem is more defined in the public school system than in catholic schools. Catholic schools seem to express a better-rounded teaching environment. Most catholic schools have less tolerance than they do in public schools. It is said that the wearing of a uniform helps to keep more peace in the school. The students do not get made fun of for not wearing brand name clothing. The laughing and making fun of the other students is what contributes to low self-esteem, which one of the traits for a student who is likely to bring violence into school. More than half of U.S. public schools have reported at least one crime incident in 1997. Also one in ten schools reported at least one serious violent crime during this school year. Ten percent of all p ublic schools had experienced one or more serious violent crimes (e.g. murder, rape, suicide, sexual battery, and physical attack of fighting with a weapon or robbery) reported to police or other law enforcement during 1997. We will write a custom essay on The Problem Of Violence In Schools specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Crime and violence seem to be more of a problem in middle and high schools than in elementary schools. In 1997 forty-five percent of elementary schools reported one or more acts of violence. Seventy-four percent of middle schools and seventy-five percent of high schools had reported incidents of violence. One of the goals of the National Education Goals states that by the year 2000, all schools in America will be free of drugs and violence and the unauthorized presence of firearms and alcohol, and offer a disciplined environment that is conducive to learning. This goal has obviously not yet been reached, but there still is some time left for them to reach this goal. The crimes that are most frequently occurring in most schools are vandalism, theft/larceny, and physical attack or fight without a weapon. Six percent have reported physical attack or fight with a weapon. Even though the percentage of weapon related crimes is not as high as many of the rest, it is still one of the biggest and must be eliminated. It is the one of the worst acts of violence that could happen in a school. The school administration should adopt a policy that will help to eliminate the violence. They should either consider a zero tolerance strategy or something similar. The school environment should be a safe one for staff and students. Students should be able to go to school and not be concerned with any in or outside forces that will distract them from learning, or injure them in some way. Many potentially violent incidents continue to plague schools. School administrators are reviewing security and crisis plans, but many administrators are quick to point out that there is no one answer to providing a safe school environment. Everyone wants a simple solution, but the is not a one. People have to work towards getting and maintaining school safety. But no matter how well prepared or how safe everyone thinks a plan to be; it will never be one hundred percent foolproof. Someone will always find a way to get around even the most strategized effort to control the violence. Most incidents could and can be prevented by students, parents, teachers, or citizens coming forward and sharing the information that they know with either the school or police. It is known that prior to a major violent attacking, in most schools someone knows that it is going to happen other than the person who is planning it. But they do not go forward because they think that something like that could never happen in their school. Violence can happen anywhere, at any time. For example, take the Jonesboro incident or Columbine, it is common knowledge that someone knew about what the students were planning, but did not share it with the school or police officials. Schools should pay attention to not only the major incidents like Columbine, but also to the smallest threat. Schools in Allen, Texas, cancelled the remaining two weeks of classes due to repeated bomb threats. But after parental and community outrage, officials opened the schools on a limited basis a few days later. Four bo ys were charged with plotting a shooting in their Port Huron, Michigan, middle school similar to the massacre at Columbine. Reaction like these should always be taken to incidents as such. It prevents the tragedies like Columbine and others from happening again. A common trend in most school shootings is that they have all occurred in communities in which people felt safe. The perception of schools as being safe havens has changed over the past few years since the rash of shooting incidents. But the fact still remains that schools are the safest places for children. But, still, schools have always been easy targets for violence. Even though the number of violent incidents in schools is dropping, the use of firepower by students is growing. .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .postImageUrl , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:hover , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:visited , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:active { border:0!important; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:active , .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366 .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue85d8891dccf5f150e082eedbd09d366:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Scarlet Letter Description EssayLately, medal detectors, security cameras, ID cards, and other security hardware and systems have been finding the nations schools as a home. This is mainly due to the need to show students, staff, and parents that security measures are being taken. Schools should be safe enough that they there is no need for security devices as such. Although medal detectors are very useful, but they are only part of the solution. Schools must also look at other prevention methods. Administrators have agreed that they will not find just one specific solution to the school dilemma that would be one hundred percent effective. Something that must be changed is the fact that in every incident in the last two years, the kids have spoken about their act before the committed it. And for some reason or other, adults have refused to pay attention to it. It must be changed. People listen to a cry for help when they hear it, why not this? It is basically the same thing; they should pay just as much attention to it. Safety is not a sometimes thing, it is an all-the-time thing, students should be able to go to school and feel safe. It has been said that violence on television has been a contributor to kids committing these acts of violence. But is this really true? Sure, the violence on television is a contributor. But it is not as big a contributor as most people make it out to be. Most of the students, who do commit crimes in school, all fit basically the same profile. They were alienated, angry and had a history of emotional problems. They are students who hold a grudge. Most of these students often write about these things in advance, they perhaps signal that they are going to happen. Experts say that there is no foolproof way to spot potential killers. But, by early next year, the FBI will release a report listing problematic traits to help educators and parents identify the seriousness of a students threat. The report will detail warning signs in four areas of a students life: 1.) Personality, 2.) Family, 3.) School behavior, and 4.) Other factors such as drugs and alcohol. This report should be very helpful to the parents and administration in controlling the safety of their school. Some of the indicators of what would make a student turn to violence are: social withdraw, excessive feelings of isolation and persecution, and a history of aggressive behavior. The question of what went wrong early on in these kids lives is brought up more that one. It is wondered what made them into killers where they would go out and without any conscience just kill people, their friends and classmates and then themselves. No one will ever know except for himself or herself. What steps should be taken to helping kids like this? Having school psychologists is a good idea; they are traditionally the first lines of defense. But lately they have been preoccupied in assessing kids who need to help with learning disorders. Many schools are now adopting zero tolerance policies, pulling out kids who do anything suspicious. This works, but not always. When a school expels a student for something like violent imagery in creative writing, it is an overreaction. Or the twelve year old boy in Virginia who was expelled for waiving a stapler around on a school bus; a Florida girl was suspended for bringing a nail clipper to class, and the suspension of a nine year old boy who wrote you will die with honor when his teacher asked him to compose a fortune cookie message. It is all-ridiculous. There is no reason to go that far. The zero tolerance rule is a good idea, but not for things like that. But for a kid who brings a gun to school or a kid who starts a fire in the sc hool, they should be removed immediately, with no questions asked. Zero tolerance polices should cover clear and serious offenses involving weapons, violence, threat, harassment, bomb scares, drugs, alcohol and cheating. Not in simple matters like those mentioned above. Crime rates in the United States are decreasing which is very good. Statistics show that crime rate in the U.S. has declined 6.4 percent and the murder rate has declined 7.4 percent in 1998. A poll shows that forty years ago, fifty percent of Americans reported having guns in their homes. Last year the figure was thirty-five percent. Which is good. This lessens the easiness of a child getting a gun to bring into school. A New York Times/CBS poll asked kids if they worry about being crime victims at school or on the streets and twenty-four percent said yes. So, obviously the kids are not as concerned about a killer attending their school as the adults are. .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .postImageUrl , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:hover , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:visited , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:active { border:0!important; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:active , .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0 .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue7552c3872162bf6d777e4c0f922b1a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Frailty Thy Name Is Woman EssayIt is not clear at this point if schools are engaged in another cycle of violence or if we have evolved into a society whose culture has embraced violence as a characteristic and permanent feature. It is argues that the youth of today are coming more and more from backgrounds where antisocial behavior is more normal rather than unusual. These young people are highly agitated and invested in antisocial attitudes. They tend to see the behavior and intentions of others as biased against them. They frequently decide to react aggressively to situations they view as challenging or threatening, very often with tragic consequences. This kind of aggression and reaction is what makes the schools dangerous. There are four factors that generally accelerate youth violence. They are: 1.) Easy access to weapons, especially hand guns, 2.) Early involvement with drugs and alcohol, 3.) Association with antisocial groups and 4.) Pervasive exposure to violent acts depicted in the media. Eight-one percent of weapons brought to school come from the home. A safe school is characterized as effective, accepting, freedom from potential physical and psychological harm, absence of violence, and being nurturing, caring, and protective. Some school based protective factors are positive school climate and atmosphere, clear and high performance expectations for all students, good values and practices throughout the school, strong student bonding to the school environment, high levels of student participation and parent involvement in social development, and schoolwide conflict-resolution strategies. An unsafe school is characterized by lack of cohesion, chaotic, stressful, disorganized, poorly structured, ineffective, high risk, gang activity, violent incidents, unclear behavioral and academic expectations. Some risk factors are poor design and use of school space, overcrowding, lack of caring but firm disciplinary procedures, student alienation, rejection of at-risk students by teachers and peers, anger and resentment at school routines and demands for conformity, and poor supervision. Impacts and influences of school violence are: 1.) Large schools and classrooms of students, that prevents teachers from developing meaningful relationships with students and 2.) Overcrowded schools normally have higher rates of discipline problems and vandalism than schools that are at or below the enrollments for which they are intended. We must begin to reform the schools who need it. There are direct strategies as well as indirect strategies. Examples of the direct include things such as locks on doors, metal detectors, and random searching for weapons. Indirect strategies include requiring school uniforms, and establishing a positive school climate. It is likely that more direct strategies are more effective than the indirect, but they do not change the culture of the school. It is recommended that schools maintain a zero tolerance policy for weapons, fighting, or other acts of violence, minimized the number of unlocked entrances, exits, and halls for students and visitors, require students to carry a hall pass when roaming about the school during classes and to limit the hall passes to an absolute minimum. These few strategies can be the stepping stones to making a better school enviroment. BibliographyWork CitedLessons Learned. American School University, July99, Vol. 71 Issue 11Agron, JoeWatching for Warning Signs. Newsweek, 12/20/99, Vol. 134 Issue 25, p.39Kantroitz, Barbara; Wingert, Pat; Struzzi, DianeCracking down on kids. U.S. News World Report, 12/13/99, Vol. 127 Issue 23, p19Leo, JohnGround zero of zero-tolerance for violence. Christian Science Monitor, 11/18/99, Vol. 91 Issue 247, p1 McLaughlin, AbrahamPreventing School Violence. FDCH ABC Nightline, 04/21/1999Sawyer, Diane; Gibson, CharlesDangerous Schools? Christian Science Monitor, 11/05/99, Vol. 91 Issue 239, p11Schorr, DanielMaking Schools Safer and Violence Free. Intervention in School Clinic, March97, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p.199. Walker, Hill M.; Gresham, Frank M. Social Issues Essays

The Hourglass Technique

The Hourglass Technique Most of us during school and then in our careers have to write research papers and reports and analyze. Some of us go on to write journal articles or textbooks, nonfiction books, or even novels as freelancers. At some point, we have to take a subject, narrow it to a related topic, decide on a thesis to express our idea, and write an organized text to communicate that idea or plot and its conclusions and deliver a well-received document.The problem is that too often we get lost in the process and end up straying off topic or have trouble connecting our ideas or forming a clear thesis from the topic and then an argument strategy that relates to that topic and its thesis. Why does that happen? Because we have so many ideas about our topic or so many argument points, we simply have too many cooks in the kitchen to suggest a simple metaphor.What is the solution then? Is there a clearly stated technique we can apply that keeps us from saying too much or not being focused in a paper? Yes, t here is. Its a technique I used when I taught research paper and students told me they were panicked about writing a longer paper on one topic. They wanted to write a good paper, but got lost in the process. Its the Hourglass Technique of Writing. It is really simple and actually derived from the concept of outlining, but more visual and interactive in nature (which helps a lot of writers arrange their thinking as they plan a paper).We all know what an hourglass is – two connected glass bulbs with sand that slowly flows from the top bulb to the bottom bulb through a narrow passage that connects the two. A 3-minute egg timer is a good example. The sand at the top flows through the narrow passageway into the bottom bulb until 3 minutes are up. Then we simply turn the hourglass upside down to restart the timing process again.Lets consider the image of the hourglass and think about how a broad subject for writing must narrow to become a focused topic. Then that topic needs to nar row further still to become a precise thesis statement. At that point, were at the narrow connection where the two bulbs of the hourglass meet. Using this image, we can move from the broad to the focused idea and develop a precise and significant thesis that relates back to the original topic we had when we started and produces a precisely related thesis statement. That statement becomes the precise question or hypothesis we then use to develop arguments and the discussion and work toward a logical conclusion. This downward selective narrowing process can look something like this: Main Subject narrowed to your Topic; then your Topic narrowed further downward to a Working Thesis, and finally, that Working Thesis narrowed to your focused Thesis Statement at the narrowest point in your writing hourglass.This is the first step – narrowing our ideas, so we can see the direction we want to take for the whole paper. We create our thesis statement from the too broad a subject that in trigued us in the first place and left us with too many ideas and confusion about how to proceed to narrow our thinking.So whats next? Well, we simply move to the bottom part of the hourglass – the lower bulb. Our thesis statement now becomes a new topic for developing 3-4 main argument points related to our main thesis. All these main argument points derive from and relate back to your main thesis and from there back to your original topic and overall discipline or genre needed for your work. However, we have narrowed our thinking, so each argument point is carefully set apart and becomes its own hourglass that narrows to a sub-thesis and then expands to produce related detail to argue that sub-thesis. Indeed, we can go through the same exact thinking process as we did with the major thesis statement and develop each argument points expanded detail and that support.Thus, when we have finished the journey from the top of the hourglass to the bottom, we have expanded our think ing from an original broad subject to a thesis statement and then from that statement to 3-4 main argument points. We then develop each argument point as its own hourglass to find our sub-arguments and their support. In effect, what you have is the reverse of the first narrowing process: You use your main Thesis Statement to determine your first main Argument to support it. Then you determine an Argument Thesis from which you develop Sub-Arguments and then expand those to Argument Support to deliver your details and thinking for each Sub-Argument.Each argument in your paper can go through the same hourglass process where the argument becomes a sub-topic and then is narrowed to produced a sub-thesis statement and then expanded (just like an hourglass at the bottom) to gather support, illustrations, and explanations. All of these relate back directly to your main thesis statement and your original topic and genre.Try the concept. Draw a group of hourglasses on a piece of paper and use them as separate thinking tools to help you narrow a topic visually and then expand the thesis youve discovered into main arguments that repeat the same process. You can even stack the hourglasses if you want to make the thinking process on your topic a bit more complex. Narrow each main argument into its own thesis and then expand it to contain its own argument and supporting evidence.By segmenting your thinking, youll be more precise, yet more abstract in your thinking, and definitely more creative. Youll find your thinking will be better organized and yet integrated and connected. It works. I use the concept all the time in different writing genres. Eventually, it becomes second nature and one of your key writing tools.

Law of Multiple Alleles

Law of Multiple Alleles Multiple alleles is a type of non-Mendelian inheritance pattern that involves more than just the typical two alleles that usually code for a certain characteristic in a species. With multiple alleles, that means there are more than two phenotypes available depending on the dominant or recessive alleles that are available in the trait and the dominance pattern the individual alleles follow when combined together. Gregor Mendel only studied traits in his pea plants that showed simple or complete dominance and had only two alleles that could contribute to any one trait the plant showed. It wasnt until later that it was discovered that some traits can have more than two alleles that code for their phenotypes. This allowed many more phenotypes to be visible for any given trait while still following Mendels Laws of Inheritance. Most of the time, when multiple alleles come into play for a trait, there is a mix of types of dominance patterns that occur. Sometimes, one of the alleles is completely recessive to the others and will be masked by any of those that are dominant to it. Other alleles may be co-dominant together and show their traits equally in the phenotype of the individual. There are also some cases where some alleles exhibit incomplete dominance when put together in the genotype. An individual with this type of inheritance connected to its multiple alleles will show a blended phenotype that mixes both of the alleles traits together. Examples of Multiple Alleles The human ABO blood type is a good example of multiple alleles. Humans can have red blood cells that are of type A (IA), type B (IB), or type O (i). These three different alleles can be combined in different ways following Mendels Laws of Inheritance. The resulting genotypes make either type A, type B, type AB, or type O blood. Type A blood is a combination of either two A alleles (IA IA) or one A allele and one O allele (IAi). Similarly, type B blood is coded for by either two B alleles (IB IB) or one B allele and one O allele (IBi). Type O blood can only be obtained with two recessive O alleles (ii). These are all examples of simple or complete dominance. Type AB blood is an example of co-dominance. The A allele and the B allele are equal in their dominance and will be expressed equally if they are paired together into the genotype IA IB. Neither the A allele or the B allele is dominant over each other, so each type is expressed equally in the phenotype giving the human an AB blood type.

Evaluate the Decision Making Process Assignment

Evaluate the Decision Making Process - Assignment Example Despite the forth coming problems, an effective and true decision, which is taken at right time, may also saves many of the important organizational resources (Ingram, 2010). According to the experts, the basic goal of the decision making process is to achieve some desired and set goals and objectives and avoid negative and poor consequences (Krehbiel, 2012). The firms’ managers always try to take a right decision at right time so that they can support the other organizational activities and thus giving a better output productivity. When any decision is taken in the organizational perspective than for sure it will help the organizational mangers but at the same time there can be some good or best decisions which not only support the organizational system but also add up to the efficiency of the organizational activities and the operations (Krehbiel, 2012). The process of decision making is a systematic progression which actually works in a step by step series. The process may starts with the recognition of the problem. This can be happen when the manager or any of workers may predict or forecast any possible problem or contingency in the very short run for the organization (Heckman & Crowston, 2011). Here it is not necessary that there will be a prediction of the problem rather the manger may come to know about the problem when they are badly struck in it. The critical point is that the manger or the firm mya truly identify the problem in the situation. Many of the mangers may get confuse between the actual problem and its symptoms. In most of the situation, the symptoms are very clear but the mangers may not track the problem exactly. Therefore, at first step the real identification of the problem is very important (Heckman & Crowston, 2011). Now in this situation the managers must carefully analyze all the possible factors and the reasons, so that they may come to know about the difference between the symptoms and the actual problem

Importance of teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Importance of teams - Essay Example The following section will focus on importance of teamwork in other sectors like aviation, auto racing and military and the lessons that healthcare industry can learn. Teamwork is extremely important for any sector that is highly reliant on human performance. In a team two aspects are equally important – taskwork and teamwork. While the former means the skills needed by the members to execute their tasks, the latter means the approach needed by the members to complete the tasks. In aviation, both of these are required. The importance of effective task performance by crew members in the cockpit cannot be denied. At the same time, there should be strong teamwork for harmonization and communication between the crew members. Records have shown that 68 percent of air mishaps occur due to poor coordination between aircrew (Salas & Maurino, 2010, p.254). According to Salas et al. (2005) there are five requirements for a team’s efficiency. First, strong leadership since it is through a team leader’s guidance the members can perform in a coordinated manner. Second, members need to monitor the activities of each other to keep track of e rrors or lapses to ensure perfection in overall performance. Third, backup behavior like members with less work load should share the burden of those who have excessive work load. Fourth, adaptability which means members should be able to adjust their work in case of unexpected difficulties. Fifth, team orientation indicates that each person should have compatible approach to work with other individuals. All the five elements are required in aviation in order to handle any emergency situation in the cockpit. In auto racing, teamwork between pit crew and race is considered as exemplary. The process underlying auto racing itself requires high level of team work, and it is said that no other industry promotes teamwork as

Natural Disasters and Their Effect on the Macro Economy Essay Example for Free

Natural Disasters and Their Effect on the Macro Economy Essay Natural Disasters can have both a positive and negative impact on the local, national and the global economy. However it is rare, but not out of the question, to see the positive impact it may have on an economy. For instance, when disaster struck in Haiti from the 7. 3 magnitude earthquake in 2010, between 200,000-250,000 people were killed. That is 2 percent of the total Haitian population of only 10 million. Comparatively New York City alone totals nearly as much as the entire population of Haiti with about 8. 2 million people (U. S. Census Bureau, 2010). The Inter-American Development Bank estimated that it cost 8.5 billion dollars in damage to Haitis economy. The earthquake caused the countrys gross domestic product (GDP) to contract 5. 1 percent that year. Considering that Haiti’s economy only produced 12 billion dollars in 2008, 8. 5 billion dollars is a huge deficit to the overall production and functionality of their economic and social growth. That is less than a tenth of a percent of U. S. GDP of 14 trillion dollars, but Haiti’s GDP per capita is only 1,300 dollars compared to over 40,000 dollars per person in the U. S. (CIA. gov). With all of this said, Haiti brought in nearly fifteen billion dollars through donations. So although there was catastrophic and disastrous losses to both the social and economic stimulus, on donations alone, Haiti was able to receive three billion dollars more than even their best year in 2008 with only twelve billion dollars. Proposing a theoretical situation, if an earthquake destroyed capital stock but left the labor force intact, the real rental price of capital would increase. The real rental price equals the marginal product of capital and having less capital stock available raises the marginal product of capital and therefore, raises its real rental price. This situation would also make the labor force larger in relation to available capital. Since this would lead to a declining marginal product of labor as workers have less equipment to use, the real wage would decrease as well. Due to rising world population, climate change, and environmental degradation, natural disasters are increasing in frequency. They are also becoming costlier and deadlier, according to Swiss Re, a reinsurance company; the U. S. suffered a cost of 145 billion dollars in 2004, which was up from 65 billion dollars in 2003. In 2009, natural disasters cost insurers about 110 billion dollars. In 2010, the cost was double that, at 218 billion dollars. So as you can see, in the past 10 years there have been jumps nearly doubling the cost that a country suffers to natural disasters from year to year. According to the World Bank, there are several factors that affect a country’s vulnerability to natural disasters: its geographic size, the type of disaster, the strength and structure of its economy, and prevailing socioeconomic conditions. In a globalized economy, all these factors, as well as others, also play into how the world’s finances will be affected. A common belief is that short-term economic hits after a disaster, even those as large as this year’s earthquake and tsunami in Japan or Hurricane Katrina in the U. S. in 2005 are more than offset by the reconstruction boom that follows. However this is only in countries that are large and rich enough to have short-term stabilization to the immediate economic hit. The nature of the disaster and the size of the victim count in an economy are key when determining whether or not natural disasters have a negative impact on macroeconomic growth. So in a country such as Haiti and their disastrous earthquake, although a lot of money was pumped into the economy in order to help in the rebuilding, that does not do much when they are still in need of the proper man power that can produce new development or ideas for rebuilding the structures that were destroyed. Incidences of natural disasters have increased by 30 percent since the 1960s, and risk-modeling companies have raised the likelihood of a Katrina-like event happening once every 20 years, rather than once every 40 years (SKOUFIAS, 2003). Because of the possibility of large natural disasters happening more often as well as more frequent smaller natural disasters occurring, how will the economy be affected? Especially if before the reconstruction both socially and economically is finished from the original disaster, another strikes in the same area. Another problem that is faced with economic downfalls due to natural disasters is how other countries may view the stability of that country. For example, 75 percent of Haiti’s national income came through the export of retail apparel to the United States. If Haiti were to have any kind of smaller disasters before they can properly rebuild their economic and working communities, then other countries will only see them as a reoccurring high-risk investment and will no longer look to invest in Haiti, only deepening their turmoil from an economic stand point. Droughts cannot be forgotten either. 2010 set records as the hottest year in one of the hottest decades in history. Climate change, exacerbated by the effects of El Nino, sparked off a series of global heat waves. In Pakistan, temperatures rose to 128. 3 degrees Fahrenheit on May 26, the highest temperature seen in Asia. Russia was plagued by a series of wildfires, destroying crops and woodland, and blanketing cities in smog. People across Europe had to be hospitalized for heat strokes and dehydration as air-conditioning failed to bring relief. Asia had one of the most severe droughts across the globe. The drought caused an estimated 3. 5 million dollars in immediate damage, both to agriculture and to the country’s hydroelectric sector. There are also other uncounted losses, but still very real costs from the drought: a drought can lower the overall productivity of land due to erosion and topsoil loss. It can reduce the numbers in livestock herds, which most of Asia relies on for everyday living needs as well as economic income. Before the end of the summer, the death toll would rise into the thousands. 15 million people were evacuated, and over a million homes destroyed. Nearly 34 million acres of crops were affected by floodwaters, with at least two million completely destroyed. By August, direct damage from the floods was estimated at $41 billion. This is something that affected the worldwide agricultural need and demand (PreventionWeb, 2010). Proving the destructive power of natural disasters, even in highly developed nations, Hurricane Katrina crushed the gulf coast. Just east of the Bahamas on August 24, 2005 a small, unlikely tropical depression intensified into a tropical storm which was given the name Katrina. This storm slowly made its way to Florida’s southern coast on the 25th where most experts believed the storm would dissipate. Unfortunately, Katrina’s path took it over the everglades allowing it to maintain its category 1 standing that it had acquired before it first made landfall, then entered the Gulf of Mexico. The warm waters of the Gulf fostered the rapid development of Katrina (Kempler 2010). The above image shows Hurricane Katrina at the height of her power. Estimates had Katrina making landfall as a category 4, but thankfully it weakened a bit and before it rolled in as a strong category 3. Katrina became been responsible for an estimated 1,800 deaths, as well as 100 billion dollars total in damages, of which about 60percent were uninsured losses. Some economists would put the total economic loss at around 250 Billion dollars (Amadeo 2011). That made Katrina the most destructive natural disaster ever to hit the United States. With all of Katrina’s destruction, the short term effects on the economy were very evident. Only one year after the disaster the United States, the economy was back to normal. In the first three quarters of 2006 the United States had GDP growth of 5. 6 percent, some of the most rapid growth in recent years (Herman 2006). Even though the nation as a whole made a quick economic recovery after Katrina, locations that were struck directly, like New Orleans, did not make the turnaround quite as rapidly as hoped. The first few months after Katrina the United States economy went into a downward trend. The GDP growth rate dropped from the 4. 2 percent that it had experienced in the first three quarters to 1. 8 percent in the last quarter of 2005. The reason for this impact goes beyond the destruction of property and the primary economic concern; the loss of goods and production capabilities (Herman 2006). Perhaps the most important resource that the gulf region produces is oil. The gulf makes up about 30 percent of America’s oil production and distribution. The effects of Katrina resulted in the destruction of 113 offshore platforms, and nearly 500 oil and gas pipelines (Amadeo 2011). The loss of this production led to a drastic increase in gas prices soaring to over 4 dollars per gallon. This drastic rise in prices created a panic, and people rushed to the gas stations to fill up before prices rose again, creating massive lines and much talk about the gloomy forecast of economic woes come. The only positive result from the increasing gas prices was when the Federal government opened the strategic petrollium reserves. This increase in gasoline prices surprisingly did not have as much of an impact as speculators feared, other than people’s outlook on the situation. There were some effects.mthough mostly food price centered. The three main goods that saw a notable impact were the prices of bananas, rice and sugar (Leibtag 2006). The primary reason for the increase in the rice and sugar prices is because the Louisiana Mississippi area is responsible for 85 percent of the sugar cane production, and 14 percent of the rice production in the United States (Leibtag 2006). The drastic loss in production from that area was softened by short-run increases in the other producers of those crops. This ability to increase short-run production is a factor that contributes to the resiliancy of free-market economies. Though the nationwide effects were not all that staggering, the effects in New Orleans the months following Katrina were devastating. With 80 percent of the city flooded, hundreds of thousands of people were forced to flee the city of New Orleans, many never to return again (Blackburn 2010). This drastic loss in population coupled with the destruction of approximately 200,000 homes and businesses led New Orleans and the surrounding areas into a dire economic situation. In the first few months after Katrina, Louisiana lost 12 percent of the state’s 214,000 jobs (Herman 2006). One result of the loss of jobs was a drastic raise in mortgage delinquancy rates (Herman 2006). This inability to pay is more than likely a contributing factor to the very low rate of return from people who were forced to evacuate their homes by Katrina. Those that did find the resolve to return to stay were in a desperate situation. New Orleans, whose primary industry is tourism, suffered great losses after the storm. They desperately needed to be able to find a way to bring back the American and foreign tourist in order to fuel the creation for more jobs. The drop in tourism is best reflected by the attendance rates in New Orleans famous Mardi-Gras and Jazz Festivals. Both events had roughly a 30 percent drop in attendance from previous years (A year after Katrina, New Orleans desperately seeking tourists 2006). Part of the reason for the delay in the return of the tourism industry is the mass clean-up that had to take place first. Before anyone could return and maintain normal operations, there was still 118 million cubic yards of debris to be cleaned up.(Amadeo 2011) Thanks to efforts by FEMA, the Red Cross and many church ministries across the country, there was much help to be found. However, despite the efforts of all these groups, New Orleans a year after the incident was still working its way very slowly towards full recovery. With the aid that had come into the city, organizations were able to rebuild infrastructure and make great improvements to both education and government. In fact, post Katrina New Orleans has experienced steady growth in almost every way, including education levels, over the last 6 years as shown by the chart below Though it took about a year for it the effects to show and recovery to really make a strong step forward, the relief money that came into New Orleans and the other areas affected by Hurricane Katrina did what the nation was hoping it would; help restore one of Americas cultural and industrial centers. The economic turnaround in New Orleans shows how an initial investment in the form of government aid, insurance claims, and private donations can improve the economy of an area affected by a natural disaster. If this idea can hold to be true with the most costly natural disaster in American history, it should work with other costly natural disasters as well. Though maybe part of New Orleans success lay in the restructuring of their government and school systems in addition to the monetary support. Though the economy of the areas affected improve without bringing down the rest of the nation’s economy, suffering this type of event might not prove to be true in countries with weaker economies. Also, if a disaster like this was to hit a city like Los Angelas or New York, like Irene almost did, it is still speculator to say if there would be similar results. One thing can be said for certain, America’s ability to maintain long term economic growth despite short term impacts, like Katrina shows the resiliency of America as an economic super-power. Other economic super powers, like Japan, are trying to find this same formula for economic recovery. In the case of Japan’s 9.0 magnitude earthquake on March 11, 2011, the loss of clean water, electricity, infrastructure, production lines, financial institutions, and more than 15,000 lives caused what the Prime Minister of Japan called the â€Å"The most difficult crisis for Japan† since World War II. However difficult it has been, people have been recovering from the loss of loved ones, injury, and the general trauma of the disaster. Perhaps the greatest and most uncertain long term effects brewing are the econ omic impacts on the world market. Many large industries and economic functions have been hurt, causing price inflation in those industries throughout the world. Since March 11, 2011, nations around the world have had to adjust their consumption in accordance with the loss of production in Japan. Several car companies, such as Toyota and Honda, had their production of car parts slowed, and electronics producers experienced the same effects (Syed, 2011). This has been felt worldwide. For example, Toshiba, who produces roughly 30 percent of the world’s computer chips that store data in smart phones, cameras, and laptops, closed down several factories due to economic losses and physical damages. Events like this are what caused the average price of a chip with eight gigabytes of memory to rise from 7. 30 dollars to around 10 dollars just three days after the earthquake and tsunami struck (Helft, 2011). Obviously, the price of computer chips is not the only price that has risen. Because computer chips are more expensive, new phones, laptops, televisions, cars, cameras, electronic billboards, and complex machinery will have a rise in price to cover the cost of parts and production. This effect will be felt for months, and maybe even years in an already instable world economy. Many of these products are produced in Japan; the world export market has been greatly affected because of that. Japan’s exports have decreased, causing increased economic uncertainty. The macroeconomic result of this is that investors tend to pull away from the increasing risk of pumping money into Japan and look for safer and smarter industries and nations to try to grow their profits (Kihara, 2011). One of the most fascinating things about today’s economy is that everything is so globally connected. Because of this and the slow in Japanese exports, the United States level of consumption of Japanese goods dove 3.4 percent following the earthquake (Guardian. uk, 2011). If this trend continued throughout the year, then the Japanese economy would have lost 4. 2 billion dollars from 2010 levels of United States consumption alone (State. gov, 2011). The disaster and surrounding effects not only caused a decrease of funds going into Japan, but the economic instability caused by the earthquake was devastating in its timing. Japanese and other Asian stock markets plunged as the news of the disaster spread, and this is coming on the heels of the U. S.stock market falling nearly 2 percent the date before. Not only that, but the earthquake caused struggling European stocks to fall to three month lows (CBSnews. com 2011). This goes to show that natural disasters can cause a myriad of negative factors in an economy, and that a spike in uncertainty can be one of the most demoralizing. That uncertainty does not just surface in the stock markets, but also in global financing. The Japanese currency, the Yen, had a significant surge the day after the massive earthq uake struck (Bloomberg. com, 2011). This is said to be credited to the immediate cleanup, repair, and reconstruction needs that Japan incurred following the damages. The long-term effects of the boost in the value of the Yen are still unknown, but it has made the Yen rise in demand in recent months, despite fluctuations since the initial rise in trading worth (Bernard, 2011). The Yen is currently becoming stable once again, eight months after its spike in March then fall in April. Japan has done well in its recovery considering that the Yen hit recent year record lows in April. This graph shows the trading value of the Yen in the past year (Forexblog.org, 2011). The value of the Yen is not the only financial issue at stake. Japan is one of the major foreign holders of U. S. government and corporation debt. With Japan’s Debt-to-GDP ratio at 200 percent, and massive amounts of government spending looming in the rebuilding of the thousands of buildings and roadways lost, Japan is in great need of more money (CIA. g ov, 2010). Because of this, the current interest rates that U. S. corporations are paying on their international loans could increase in an effort to generate more revenue in Japan (Nanto, 2011). In turn, corporations would not be able to borrow as much money for new capital investment, thus hurting the consumption and job creation in the United States at a time when jobs are greatly needed with unemployment rates near nine percent (BLS. gov, 2011). Jobs are a big issue in Japan too. With many of the more than 15,000 killed and nearly 6,000 injured people being a part of the Japanese work force, and tons of cleanup and construction to be done, companies and the government have had to hire thousands of new workers to satisfy the demand for work (Japanese National Police Agency, 2011). After a brief climb in unemployment because of the direct aftermath of the earthquake, numbers dropped to a recent history record low of 4. 1 percent (Tradingeconomics. com, 2011). Once organization was restored, Japan began to utilize its workforce to combat the challenge of rebuilding cities. It is perhaps a gruesome yet effective means of increasing job demand in a nation when its economy was unsettlingly devastated. Since the record drop in unemployment, Japan has had what could be considered a â€Å"Recovery boom. On November 14, 2011, a news article stated: Gross domestic product grew at an annualized 6 percent in the three months ending Sept. 30, the fastest pace in 1 1/2- years, the Cabinet Office said today in Tokyo. At 543 trillion yen ($7 trillion), economic output was back to levels seen before the March 11 earthquake, the report showed. Japan’s return to growth after three quarters of contraction was driven by companies including Toyota Motor Corp. making up for lost output from the disaster. A sustained rebound will depend on how much reconstruction demand can offset a slowdown in global growth as Europe’s debt crisis damps global confidence and an appreciating yen erodes profits (Sharp, 2011). The fact the Japan is now back to its pre-earthquake GDP level is remarkable. It initiates again the idea of what is known to economists as â€Å"The Broken Window Fallacy. † The theory is that an economy can create jobs and achieve higher employment levels though the destruction of the current goods that exist. However, the destruction comes at a cost of replacement that, in the end, is not going to create a net gain, but will instead create a loss or â€Å"quick-fix† break even because businesses will be stimulated, but run less efficiently in the long run. Only time will tell if Japan’s growth over the last few months is simply a rebound or if the disaster caused a rethinking of how things should be done and built, therefore creating a more efficient, productive Japanese economy. Economists will be watching closely to spot trends. Another disaster that could have the same categories of effects on a much smaller scale is Hurricane Irene. The northeastern U. S. experienced the worst flooding since the existence of many towns and buildings of the region. Since only three months have passed since Irene made landfall on the New England area on August 28, 2011, the long term impact of the estimated 45 billion dollars in losses are still speculative (Morici, 2011). Given the current status of the American economy, any damages of the storm are probably being felt most nationwide right now, if compared to the time table of Japan’s economic fall and rise with respect to the earthquake in March. The U. S. may see a slight drop in unemployment and a rise in capital investment as part of the restoration of Irene’s damages, but most likely, no real growth will come out of it. However, the increase in consumption in order to rebuild the damaged parts of the northeast may spark a rise in consumer confidence, and that is what America desperately needs. A natural disaster in a third world country might bring in more money in aid than that country’s economy could have ever produced on its own, making a very positive economic impact. But, as far as the number go, in a developed nation like the United States or Japan, natural disasters cause little more than a large scale broken window fallacy case study. A hurricane, earthquake, or other disaster can bring forth events that build intangible benefits such as consumer confidence, improved organization of infrastructure, or more efficient ideas, but most real development and confidence comes from ingenuity, not devastation. However, it is hard to argue against the fact that necessity is the mother of invention, or in this case, restructured success. Works Cited

Innocence Lost in The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas :: John Boyne, The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas

The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas is based on John Boyne's book of the same name, which I'd read a few years ago. The cover of the book gave away little of the plot, allowing the reader to discover just what it was about while they were reading it. For instance, I don't think it's ever directly mentioned that the book is set in World War II and that the father of central character Bruno is a Nazi. That gradual unveiling of the plot can't be done in the film - as soon as we see the swastikas in the first frame of the film, and catch a glimpse of Bruno's dad (Thewlis) we know exactly what he is. And we also know the significance of the striped pyjamas worn by the old man who peels potatoes in the kitchen. The story starts with eight-year-old Bruno (Butterfield) annoyed to discover his father has been given a new posting, to a house in the country. He misses his friends until he spots what he believes is a farm through the woods in the backyard. But it's an odd farm, the people all wear those striped pyjamas. Thinking there might be some children to play with Bruno asks his mother (Farmiga) if he can go and have a look. She immediately tells him he is not to leave the yard. But curiosity gets the better of him and he sneaks out through the woods to the edge of the "farm", which is surrounded by an electric fence. Sitting on the other side is another eight-year-old, Shmuel (brilliantly played by Scanlon). The pair get talking and, soon enough, Bruno becomes a regular visitor to the fence. Until that heartbreaking conclusion. The film is largely told from the perspective of Bruno and Shmuel, neither of whom comprehend the true nature of the farm. Indeed, neither understand much of what is happening in Germany at the time. His parents, who most definitely do know what's going on, steer Bruno away from the ugly truth of the "farm" in their backyard. This provides an interesting insight. The father in particular fully supports the persecution of the Jews - to him it is a normal part of life - yet prefers to change the subject rather than offering his son an explanation. It makes you wonder if it's because there's still some small part of him that doubts his actions. Also interesting is the attitude of Bruno's mother when she sees smoke from the camp's chimneys and discovers what they're actually burning.

Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Essay

Freud’s latency period theory is accurate, because these years are mainly focused on social interaction with others (Friedman & Schustack, p. 72, 2012). This stage is not considered to be a stage of the psychosexual development; rather the energy is put into other activities such as sports, school, and social interaction with their peers (Stevenson, 1996). During the latency period the libido is suppressed and this is the most important time for the development of social skills (â€Å"Freud’s Psychoanalysis: A Revolutionary Approach†, 2012). Freud theorized at this time a child goes through â€Å"infantile amnesia† it is when the child forgets the unwanted memories that may be deemed as traumatic for him/her (â€Å"Definition: Latency Period†, n.d.). If there is anything that went amiss this is when it will start to show-up in the personality (â€Å"Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development†, n.d.). Genital stage of psychosexual devel opment is the last phase in Freudian theory. This stage starts at the onset of puberty and goes into adulthood (â€Å"Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Development†, n.d.). Previous stages were mainly on individual accomplishments and learning one’s place in the family as well as in society. Individuals normally start to develop sexual desires for the opposite sex at the beginning of this stage and last until death (Cherry, n.d.). It is of the most importance that there are no problems with the other stages, if some issues were not resolved in the other stages; more than likely it will carry over into the final stage and can lead to severe psychological problems for the adult (The Science Museum, 2004). Some things about Freudian theory are understandable, but there are certain aspects of it that a person would disagree on. For instance the Phallic stage is when â€Å"the child is focused on the genitals† (Friedman & Schustack, p. 69, 2012). Children at that age are too young to understand things in a sexual way. If a child does understand things like that at that age; a person would rightfully be thinking that something traumatic has happ ened to the child to lead the child into that kind of behavior such as masturbation. Starting at around age two a child enters the Anal stage (Friedman & Schustack, p. 68, 2012). Children as well as adults need relief, when you need to go you need to go; they as in children do not understand let alone are capable of using the bathroom unless they are properly trained to do so. If a child does try to hold –it in; that would be an indicator that the parents are not doing something right in the first place. Scolding a child for not going at a certain time, may be an indicator, if the child is trying to holding it in. There are five different stages of Freudian theory and each with its own sets of personal characteristics, depending on if a person becomes fixated at a certain stage. Oral stage is the first stage, it is said that if a person becomes fixated at this stage they may develop behaviors such as, dependency, attachment, and always having something in their mouth, such as chewing gum, and tobacco products (Friedman & Schustack, p. 68, 2012). Anal stage of development is said to include behaviors such as concern with neatness, order, and organization. They might also like bathroom humor jokes and the like (Friedman & Schustack, p.69, 2012). Phallic stage is mainly concerned with developing sexual relationships and can have a profound effect on these kinds of relationships. If the problems are not resolved before a person establishes this kind of relationship with someone else (Friedman & Schustack, p. 70, 2012). Latency period can have an impact negative effects on behavior as well just like any other stage of development. Even though this period is not included in the psychosexual stages of development (Friedman & Schustack, p. 72, 2012). Genital stage of development is the last stage in the Freudian theory; problems can arise because of unresolved issues in the other stages or can also develop in this stage under the right circumstances. Defense mechanisms are an attribute that a lot of people have to help deal with things that may be too hard to bear otherwise (Friedman & Schustack, p. 75, 2012). Repression is one of the coping mechanisms that are used by someone who has been traumatized, such as sexual abuse or witnessing a horrible event such as a violent death of someone close to them. Denial is another form of coping, though it is unhealthy.

Old Building as Monuments Essay

Should we preserve old building as historical monuments? I believe that different people will hold different perspective to this question. In my point of view, a city should preserve the old historic buildings. Being a container of human activity, Building, obviously, is also a reservoir of human history and culture. To some extent, preserving old historic building means respecting the previous generations. An old building can insinuate historical events happened in the city. Old buildings, as a symbol of architectural heritage, memorize the significant episodes. Looking at the shabby Rome city, almost devastated temples, demolished palace, it is not hard to imagine the prosperous kingdom of the ancient Rome. We can also acknowledge that these buildings are ruined after the kingdom was vanquished by the enemy. Thus, historic buildings are one fundamental method to learn about significant events in the history. Read more:Â  Essay About Importance of Historical Places The old historic buildings of a city would accentuate a city’s culture and characteristic. The Kashgar city is the best example; Chinese government has approved a bill of rebuilding the Kashgar old city, which is 1500years old and main heritage of Uyghur culture, a significant culture of Central Asia. Although a new modern city have been built near to the old one, the most attractive place of Kashgar is still the old city, which has many old historic buildings. The people who want to know about Uyghur culture, one of main culture of Central Asia, always go to visit the old Kashgar city. Preserving old historic building means respecting the previous generations. Maybe some old buildings have negative effect on the cityscape or its function, however, with the consideration of respect previous people, we have no right to destroy or substitute them for modern buildings. On the other hand, we have the responsibility of preserving them to our next generations so that they could have the opportunity to know about their predecessors tangibly. Nevertheless maintaining historic buildings needs tremendous amount of money and old buildings are easily destroyed by earthquake, the cultural value of a historical building is worth preserving on economical expense. To learn more about the history, to more distinguish from other culture, for next generations` sake, stop destroying the historic buildings.